They used to hear complaints, hold inquiries and punish the offenders. In these districts, each village is headed by an Ambalakarar (president of an assembly) and the Ambalakarars took upon themselves the power to adjudicate disputes that arose among the inhabitants in the "nadu", belonging to different castes. They are found in Madurai and Sivaganga districts. They were a warlike people who strongly resisted every British attempt to subjugate them.
There are various sub-castes of Kallars, amongst whom the Ambalakarar is the most important. One of their popular deities is Kallazhagar who is a warrior form of Lord Thirumala or Venkadavan. Kallars are found largely in Madurai, Sivagangai, Pudukkottai, Thanjavur, Trichy, Theni and Ramanathapuram districts of Tamil Nadu. The principal occupation of Kallars is farming. This has evoked comparisons with the Australian aborigines and vouch for the theory that Kallars were one of the earliest people to inhabit the Indian subcontinent. One of the principal weapons of the Kallars is the boomerang. They were expert soldiers and constituted the bulk of Chola and Pandya armies. European eyewitnesses of the 18th century have made mention of Kallars as "a fearless tribe show many signs of independence and non-submission to any form of subjugation". Kallar ( Tamil: கள்ளர்) is one of the three communities which constitute the Mukkalathor confederacy. They are all believed to have originated from an ancient people called Kalabhrar. The Kallar, Maravar and Agamudaiyar communities constitute the Kshatriya or warrior class of Tamil Nadu, South India. It can be roughly translated as " people of the three clans", a reference to the three aristocratic clans ( Kallar, Maravar and Agamudayar) which have supplied the Tamil country with most of its royal dynasties and warriors. Mukkulathor or Mukulathaar (Tamil: முக்குலத்தோர்) is used to refer to the trinity of ancient Tamil royal lineages.
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